Posterior fossa tumor is a type of brain tumor located in or near the bottom of the skull.
The posterior fossa is a small space in the skull, found near the brainstem and cerebellum. The cerebellum is the part of the brain responsible for movement, balance, and coordination.
If a tumor grows in the area of the posterior fossa, it can block the flow of spinal fluid and cause increased pressure on the brain and spinal cord.
Most tumors of the posterior fossa are primary brain cancers, which start in the brain, rather than spreading from elsewhere in the body.
There are no known cause or risk factors associated with a posterior fossa tumor.
Symptoms occur very early with posterior fossa tumors and may include:
Symptoms from posterior fossa tumors also occur when the tumor damages local structures, such as cranial nerves. Symptoms of cranial nerve damage include:
Diagnosis is based on thorough history and physical examination, followed by imaging tests. The best way to look at the posterior fossa is with an MRI scan. CT scans are usually not helpful.
The following procedures may be used to remove a piece of tissue from the tumor to help with diagnosis:
Most tumors of the posterior fossa are surgically removed, even if they are noncancerous. There is limited space in the brain area, and the tumor can press on delicate structures if it grows.
Occasionally, depending on the type of tumor and the size of it, postoperative radiation treatment is also used.
The stress of illness may be eased by joining a support group whose members share common experiences and problems.
Prognosis depends on early detection. Complete obstruction to the flow of spinal fluid causes herniation and death. If tumors are recognized before this point, surgery is associated with good, long-term survival.
Call your health care provider if you notice consistent headaches that are accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or visual changes.
Infratentorial brain tumors; Brainstem glioma
Maity A, Pruitt AA, Judy KD, Phillips PC, Lustig R. Cancer of the central nervous system. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 70.
Wilne S, Collier J, Kennedy C, Koller K, Grundy R, Walker D. Presentation of childhood CNS tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8:685-695.
Reviewed by: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital.
Notice: The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2012, A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.