{"id":140402,"date":"2016-12-20T22:31:45","date_gmt":"2016-12-20T22:31:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/me-my-operation-the-pioneering-stem-cell-procedure-that-can-restore-movement-after-a-stroke\/"},"modified":"2016-12-20T22:31:45","modified_gmt":"2016-12-20T22:31:45","slug":"me-my-operation-the-pioneering-stem-cell-procedure-that-can-restore-movement-after-a-stroke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/me-my-operation-the-pioneering-stem-cell-procedure-that-can-restore-movement-after-a-stroke\/","title":{"rendered":"ME &amp; MY OPERATION: The pioneering stem cell procedure that can restore movement after a stroke"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\"><span class=\"mol-style-bold\">Tens of thousands of people each year are left paralysed to some degree by a stroke. Billy Elder, 63, from Renfrew, Glasgow, is one of the first people to receive a new stem cell treatment to restore movement, as he tells OONA MASHTA . . .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\"><span class=\"health-ccox mol-style-bold\">THE PATIENT<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">One day in August last year I was reaching for food in the fridge, when I suddenly fell unconscious. I don\u2019t know how long I was out for and I thought I had just tripped over.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Afterwards I felt a bit dizzy so I went for a lie down until my wife Catherine came home about an hour or two later.<\/p>\n<p>    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-f29deb37033f6310\" src=\"image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" height=\"943\" width=\"634\" alt=\"Life change: Billy Elder 63 Billy was left paralysed down his left side after a stroke in 2015\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><br \/>\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-f29deb37033f6310\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/20\/00\/3B7CCD8C00000578-4049358-image-m-75_1482194319421.jpg\" height=\"943\" width=\"634\" alt=\"Life change: Billy Elder 63 Billy was left paralysed down his left side after a stroke in 2015\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"imageCaption\">Life change: Billy Elder 63 Billy was left paralysed down his left side after a stroke in 2015<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">I told her I fell and didn\u2019t feel very well, but neither of us were particularly worried as all I had to show for my dizzy spell was a small scratch on my elbow. I had no idea that the fall was a stroke.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">The next morning I made myself a cup of coffee, but when I tried to take a sip, it spilt as I couldn\u2019t co-ordinate my hand to my mouth properly.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Catherine realised something wasn\u2019t right so rang our daughter, Sonja, who took me to AE. I swiftly deteriorated and by the time I got there an hour later, the left side of my mouth drooped and I couldn\u2019t use my left arm. I wasn\u2019t too concerned, but I wasn\u2019t thinking clearly.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">The doctors recognised instantly that I was having a stroke, and I was rushed in for a brain scan.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">This showed that a blood clot was blocking blood flow to my brain and as a result various areas were permanently damaged, including the areas that govern movement and speech.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">I was virtually paralysed down my left side, had no power in my left arm, and my speech was slurred.<\/p>\n<p>    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-9e73b5ec2039ae2a\" src=\"image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" height=\"951\" width=\"634\" alt=\"Recovering: Billy has taken part in stem cell trials and regained some movement in his left arm\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><br \/>\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-9e73b5ec2039ae2a\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/20\/00\/3B7CCD7300000578-4049358-image-a-73_1482194139953.jpg\" height=\"951\" width=\"634\" alt=\"Recovering: Billy has taken part in stem cell trials and regained some movement in his left arm\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"imageCaption\">Recovering: Billy has taken part in stem cell trials and regained some movement in his left arm<\/p>\n<p>    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-4e7a1e9136edbf1\" src=\"image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" height=\"475\" width=\"634\" alt=\"Brain attack: strokes happens when the blood supply to part of your brain is cut off\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><br \/>\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-4e7a1e9136edbf1\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/20\/00\/3B859FB100000578-4049358-image-a-76_1482194394774.jpg\" height=\"475\" width=\"634\" alt=\"Brain attack: strokes happens when the blood supply to part of your brain is cut off\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"imageCaption\">Brain attack: strokes happens when the blood supply to part of your brain is cut off<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">The doctors said the fall was actually a stroke and as so much time had elapsed \u2014 about 24 hours between me having it and getting to hospital \u2014 there was little they could do.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">I spent three days in hospital resting and slowly I started to realise just how much my life would have to change.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">I spent 13 weeks in a rehabilitation centre having intense speech therapy and physiotherapy, but I just couldn\u2019t regain any movement in my left arm or leg and my speech was still slurred. Things I\u2019d taken for granted such as walking were now beyond me.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Back home I could no longer work and I had to rely on Catherine for most things \u2014 and had pretty much given up on ever regaining movement in my left side.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"rotator-panels link-bogr1 linkro-ccox\">\n<li>\n<p>          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/19\/09\/3B82E64600000578-0-image-m-13_1482139839738.jpg\" width=\"62\" height=\"60\" \/><span>Saved by her bendy spine! Woman, 24, who broke her back&#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n        <\/a><\/p>\n<p>          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/19\/09\/3B82F03700000578-0-image-a-13_1482138866616.jpg\" width=\"62\" height=\"60\" \/><span>Aluminium DOES cause Alzheimer&#8217;s: Expert says new findings&#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n        <\/a><\/p>\n<p>          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/17\/18\/3B77021100000578-0-image-a-9_1481998520414.jpg\" width=\"62\" height=\"60\" \/><span>The ten reasons you feel bloated: From dairy to bacteria -&#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n        <\/a><\/p>\n<p>          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/19\/15\/3B848D1900000578-0-image-a-6_1482159882419.jpg\" width=\"62\" height=\"60\" \/><span>Why depression makes chemotherapy less effective: Emotional&#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Then out of the blue in June, my neurologist rang to ask if I\u2019d like to take part in a new trial for stem-cell therapy that would be the first ever treatment for damage caused by a stroke, I was immediately keen.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">He explained that the treatment involved an injection of stem cells from a tissue bank and these would help regenerate the damaged brain areas and could restore movement. I was slightly worried about the idea of a needle going straight into my brain, but the doctors reassured me it was safe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">I went in for the two-hour surgery under general anaesthetic in September. Unsurprisingly, I don\u2019t remember much about it, but I was well enough to go home the next day. Over the next few weeks I started physiotherapy and finally began to feel a change.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Before, I\u2019d had no control over my left arm \u2014 it just dangled by my side with my fist clenched and it would sometimes shake uncontrollably \u2014 but now I can lift it above my chest. My friends have told me my speech is clearer, too. But my walking is still unsteady.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Before the treatment I had felt self-conscious, but the stem-cell therapy has given me a lifeline and I\u2019m hopeful that I\u2019ll get even better with more physio.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\"><span class=\"mol-style-bold health-ccox\">THE SPECIALIST<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Professor Keith Muir is a consultant neurologist at the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital in Glasgow.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Every year more than 150,000 people in the UK have a stroke and half of these are left with some kind of disability because blood supply to key areas is blocked.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Around 85 per cent of cases are ischaemic strokes, where the blood supply is stopped due to a clot. The others are known as haemorrhagic, where a weakened blood vessel supplying the brain bursts.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">If the supply of blood is restricted or stopped, brain cells begin to die, resulting in permanent brain damage and disability as nerve cells don\u2019t regrow.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Often if caught early, ischaemic strokes can be treated with medication to dissolve the blood clot and restore blood supply to the affected areas.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">But these drugs have to be given within four hours of a stroke occurring in order to be effective as brain tissue doesn\u2019t survive very long without a blood supply.<\/p>\n<p>    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-ca13174b495b1fbe\" src=\"image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" height=\"391\" width=\"306\" alt=\"Urgent: This damage can have different effects, depending on where it happens in your brain\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><br \/>\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"i-ca13174b495b1fbe\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/12\/20\/00\/3B870B5100000578-4049358-image-a-77_1482194455817.jpg\" height=\"391\" width=\"306\" alt=\"Urgent: This damage can have different effects, depending on where it happens in your brain\" class=\"blkBorder img-share\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"imageCaption\">Urgent: This damage can have different effects, depending on where it happens in your brain<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">If this happens and the brain cells are killed off, there is little that doctors can do. Patients are left with irreversible disability as there are no treatments to help brain cells grow again. These patients are offered physiotherapy and rehabilitation, which can be of limited effectiveness.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">But now scientists from Glasgow University and Reneuron, a biotechnology company based in Wales, are testing whether stem cells injected into the brain of patients after a stroke can stimulate regeneration of brain cells and blood vessels in order to restore some function.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">These stem cells, called CTX, are derived from a brain tissue sample donated to a tissue bank in the U.S. and transported to the hospital.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Animal studies suggest that they can stimulate some of the brain\u2019s natural repair systems and so recover some lost function.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Before the operation a \u2018dose\u2019 of around 20 million stem cells is unfrozen in the hospital pharmacy and drawn up into a syringe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Under general anaesthetic a neurosurgeon drills a small hole about 1cm wide in the skull.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">We use brain scans taken before the procedure to see where the damage is and guide the injection, aiming to place the stem cells in an intact area of brain close to where the stroke damage has occurred.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">The cells can\u2019t be injected into the damaged area since there\u2019s no tissue there for them to hold on, and they would be washed away by the fluid circulating in the brain. However, animal studies show that when they are injected into nearby healthy brain tissue, the stem cells move to the site of damage.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">We think that a chemical signal comes from damaged tissue that tells the cells to move there. As the cells move into the injured areas they are thought to release chemicals which stimulate the growth of nerve cells and new blood vessels.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">We slowly inject a dose of 20 million CTX stem cells into the brain, which can take up to two hours, as the syringe is only gradually pushed down so that the cells drip into the brain precisely.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">After the procedure, the hole in the skull is filled with a bone substitute material, similar to Polyfilla, and the scalp stitched.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Patients are usually ready to leave the hospital the next day.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">A safety study published in the Lancet in June involving 11 stroke patients suggested there were no side-effects related to the cells over a two-year follow up.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Our current study at eight NHS centres has finished recruiting 21 patients, and so far results suggest significant improvement in patients\u2019 disability scores.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">We are awaiting full results from this study before we plan larger trials in more patients.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">\n<h3 class=\"mol-factbox-title\">WHAT ARE THE RISKS?\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">&#8211; A small chance of infection.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">&#8211; As with any brain surgery, bleeding in the brain is a possibility.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">&#8211; Seizures are occasionally seen after injections to the brain (estimated in around 2 per cent of cases).<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">&#8211; There have not been any side-effects related to the injected cells so far but long-term follow-up has only been done in a few people.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">Dr Steve Allder, a consultant neurologist in Plymouth, says: \u2018I would be amazed, given what we are learning about the brain\u2019s capacity to recover and how to use stem cells, if they didn\u2019t help stroke patients improve paralysis.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">\u2018There will be some false starts, but I\u2019m confident stem cells will significantly help stroke patients.\u2019<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">\n<p class=\"mol-para-with-font\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tens of thousands of people each year are left paralysed to some degree by a stroke. Billy Elder, 63, from Renfrew, Glasgow, is one of the first people to receive a new stem cell treatment to restore movement, as he tells OONA MASHTA . . . THE PATIENT One day in August last year I <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/me-my-operation-the-pioneering-stem-cell-procedure-that-can-restore-movement-after-a-stroke\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-140402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=140402"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140402\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=140402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=140402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/i\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=140402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}