HMN 2025: How New guide highlights best practices for communicating with older adults

A new report from the Gerontological Society of America provides critical guidance for health care providers working with the nation’s growing older adult population, highlighting strategies to improve communication, build trust, and support better health outcomes.

Titled “Communicating With Older Adults: A Review of What Really Works,” the report presents evidence-based strategies to support more effective, respectful interactions between clinicians and patients 65 and older—who now make up nearly 17% of the U.S. population, according to the 2020 Census.

Addressing common communication barriers

The report identifies common communication challenges older adults may face, including low health literacy, vision and hearing impairments, and cognitive changes such as dementia. It cautions against the propensity to stereotype the needs of older adults and instead encourages providers to recognize and respond to the individualized needs of the patients they care for.

To address low health literacy, which is more common among older adults, clinicians are urged to use patient-friendly language and avoid medical jargon. Similarly, for patients with vision or hearing impairments, recommendations include using large-print materials, ensuring well-lit environments, speaking clearly (but not shouting), and making use of visual aids.

Finding what works

Among the practical strategies detailed in the guide:

• Active Listening: Allowing patients to speak without interruption, validating concerns, and paraphrasing to confirm understanding.
• Open-Ended Questions: Encouraging more informative responses than simple yes-or-no answers.
• Teach-Back Method: Asking patients to repeat information in their own words to ensure clarity and retention.
• LEARN Model: A culturally sensitive framework for resolving differences between provider recommendations and patient beliefs.

Meeting the needs of patients with dementia

When engaging with those experiencing cognitive decline, the report emphasizes adapting communication techniques to use simpler instructions, incorporating caregivers appropriately, and maintaining the patient’s dignity and autonomy.

“Even as cognitive abilities change, people remain highly sensitive to tone. A calm, reassuring presence can reduce agitation and increase engagement,” the report states.

A timely resource

As the average age of the U.S. population increases, the report serves as both a timely and essential resource for health care professionals in every setting.

“Effective communication improves understanding, adherence to treatment, and overall patient satisfaction,” the report notes.

Provided by
The Gerontological Society of America