HMN 2026: How Identity emerges as a powerful shield for Black LGBTQ+ teens

A strong sense of identity and supportive relationships can make a life-changing difference in the mental health of Black sexual minority male adolescents, according to new research led by scholars at the University of Michigan, Ohio State University and University of Southern California. The work is published in the Journal of Research on Adolescence.

Drawing on survey data from 383 Midwestern (Detroit, Columbus, St. Louis) teens ages 14–17, the study indicated that a positive sense of identity—defined by self-esteem, purpose and a sense of personal power—was one of the strongest internal protective factors associated with lower depression symptoms and suicidal behaviors.

The study focuses on “developmental assets,” a strengths-based framework that highlights the internal and external supports young people already possess. Among these, a positive sense of identity stood out as the most influential developmental asset.

Additional assets, such as feeling valued and connected—what researchers describe as “mattering and belonging“—were also linked to fewer suicidal behaviors. Interestingly, some traits like strong personal values, including a heightened sense of responsibility and social justice beliefs, were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, suggesting a more complex emotional landscape for these youth.

“These findings are especially important in today’s climate,” said Myles Durkee, U-M associate professor of psychology, noting that recent policies have limited access to LGBTQ-inclusive resources and protections. “Understanding what supports and strengthens these adolescents is critical.”

Durkee also noted that additional research is needed to determine whether developmental assets function similarly across youth from other racial/ethnic/gender groups or whether the current findings are unique for the population in our study.

Overall, the research underscores the importance of culturally responsive, strengths-based approaches that help Black LGBTQ+ youth build confidence in who they are and deepen their connections with others—key strategies for improving mental health and reducing suicide risk.

The content is provided for information purposes only.