Sometimes treating diseases of the digestive or urinary systems involves removing all or part of your small intestine, colon, rectum or bladder. In these cases, there must be a new way for wastes to leave the body. The surgery to create the new opening in the abdomen is called ostomy. The opening is called a stoma.
There are many different types of ostomy. Some examples are
NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases