healthmedicinet

Women who take penicillin for strep throat frequently experience vulvovaginal symptoms, and diarrhea is prevalent in both sexes. A University of Gothenburg thesis demonstrates that on a very brief term of penicillin, fewer persons experience these side effects and the intended outcome is unaffected.n

The most popular antibiotic in Sweden is penicillin V, also known as phenoxymethylpenicillin; it is sold under the trade names Kvepenin and Tikacillin. the most typical classification for group A streptococcus-related strep throat.n

A ten-day course of penicillin V therapy is now advised for treating strep throat. In most cases, the symptoms of strep throat go away on their own after a week, therefore the goal of therapy is to make the patient feel better.nn

The present thesis demonstrates that the clinical effect of a five-day course of penicillin V in adults is not inferior to that of the recommended ten-day treatment. It also shows that ten days’ penicillin V treatment results in a higher proportion of patients with side effects than the shorter course.n

Important for individual patients

One in three patients treated with penicillin for ten days, compared with one in four treated for five days, developed diarrhea. The database comprised a total of 422 patients at 17 Swedish community health care centers in four regions: Kronoberg, Skåne, Sörmland, and Västra Götaland.n

In the group of women who received ten days’ treatment, one in four (25 percent) reported genital (vulvovaginal) discomfort, mainly in the form of increased discharge and itching. In the group of women treated for five days, the corresponding proportion was 15 percent.n

The author of the thesis is Karin Rystedt, Ph.D. in general practice at Närhälsan Hentorp health center in Skövde.n

“The high incidence of side effects was unknown before, but this knowledge is important for patients who have the option of either accepting or rejecting treatment. They can then weigh the pros and cons of taking penicillin and its side-effects, against refraining and recovering from strep throat about a day later. This applies, not least, to women with earlier experience of vulvovaginal candidiasis.”n

Increase in resistant gut bacteria

Ecological effects of penicillin V on patients’ gut bacteria were also investigated. This was done by comparing stool cultures before and after treatment. Penicillin V was found to bring about a significant increase in intestinal bacteria with resistance to ?-lactam (beta-lactam) antibiotics, which include penicillin V.n

“It may seem odd that this is something new: After all, we’ve been using penicillin for nearly 80 years. But the findings do indicate that penicillin V should be used with caution and only when the benefit to the patient outweighs the risks,” Rystedt says.n

In the substudy comparing varying durations of penicillin courses, either 1,000 milligrams was administered thrice daily for ten days or 800 mg was given four times a day for five days. The latter variant is no national standard but is already being applied in some locations in Sweden.