{"id":7981,"date":"2025-07-29T04:00:03","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T04:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/hmn-what-is-hepatitis-how-to-prevent-infection-in-2025\/"},"modified":"2025-07-29T04:00:03","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T04:00:03","slug":"hmn-what-is-hepatitis-how-to-prevent-infection-in-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/hmn-what-is-hepatitis-how-to-prevent-infection-in-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"HMN: What is hepatitis? How to prevent infection in 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n<br \/>Do you know:  What is hepatitis? How to prevent infection in 2025<\/p>\n<div id=\"main-content\">\n<div id=\"post-intro\">\n<div id=\"takeaways\">\n<h2>Key takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Hepatitis can be cause by infections, alcohol, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and autoimmune issues.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis is spread by sharing food or drinks, exchanging body fluids, and excessive alcohol consumption.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis viruses can be treated with antiviral medications if they don\u2019t clear on their own.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"table-of-contents\">\n<div class=\"anchorLinks\">\n<div class=\"mobile-only\">\n<div class=\"dropdownLists\">\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"dropdownBtn\"><span class=\"listsIcon\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/singlecare\/images\/union.svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"20\"\/><\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><\/label><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"downArrow\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/singlecare\/images\/dropDownArrow.svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\"\/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You\u2019ve been feeling extra tired and achy lately. You\u2019ve lost your appetite\u2014and you\u2019re experiencing nausea and vomiting, maybe with a fever. These could be signs of the seasonal flu, or another more serious illness (like COVID-19). But, if you\u2019ve also noticed yellowing of your eyes or skin, it could be hepatitis.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s a common condition., a<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd it can be serious without appropriate treatment. Learn the risk factors for hepatitis, how to prevent it, and what to do if you\u2019re infected.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-is-hepatitis\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is hepatitis?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. A virus is the most common cause of this condition\u2014but can also be triggered by drug or alcohol abuse, an autoimmune reaction, or chronic disease.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When left untreated, acute hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis, chronic liver disease, liver failure, liver cancer, or even require a liver transplant.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"types-of-hepatitis\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Types of hepatitis<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When people think of hepatitis, they often think of viral infections that target the liver, says<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uofmhealth.org\/profile\/23\/robert-john-fontana-md\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Robert Fontana<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, MD, medical director of liver transplantation at the University of Michigan. There are five types of viral hepatitis.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis A <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and usually clears on its own after a few weeks. Symptoms are similar to that of the flu, though some people present as asymptomatic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis B<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and usually clears on its own after a few months. However, an infection that persists after six months is considered chronic hepatitis B. Symptoms include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, though some people present as asymptomatic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis C<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and only clears on its own in about 20% of cases. Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and joint pain, but acute hepatitis C can lead to cirrhosis or liver disease even without symptoms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis D<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is caused by the hepatitis D (HDV) virus and can be chronic. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea, though some people present as asymptomatic. Hepatitis D only occurs in those who have hepatitis B, making it a rare form of hepatitis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis E <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is caused by the hepatitis E (HEV) virus and often clears on its own after a few weeks. Symptoms include jaundice, loss of appetite, dark urine, and abdominal pain. Hepatitis E is often spread through contaminated drinking water, making it rare in developed countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, there are other ways the liver can become inflamed\u2014like blood flow problems, gallstones, and excessive alcohol consumption.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Alcoholic hepatitis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is caused by heavy alcohol consumption and requires abstinence and\/or medical intervention to clear. Symptoms include jaundice and fluid retention, but many people present as asymptomatic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Autoimmune hepatitis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is caused when the immune system attacks the liver. This form is chronic. Symptoms include fatigue and joint and abdominal pain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doesn\u2019t have a known cause. However, obesity, high cholesterol, and Type 2 diabetes are risk factors. Symptoms are rare, but may include fatigue.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Within the United States, cases of hepatitis A, B, C, and alcoholic hepatitis, are the most common types. The World Health Organization (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/hepatitis#tab=tab_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WHO<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) estimates that over 300 million people worldwide have hepatitis B and\/or C.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"transmission\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transmission<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The way hepatitis spreads varies by the types of hepatitis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"viral-hepatitis-transmission\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viral hepatitis transmission<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><b>Hepatitis A and E<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are often transmitted orally when a patient ingests the virus via food or drink\u2014usually contaminated by feces from an infected person.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Hepatitis B, C, and D<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are most often transmitted when bodily fluids are exchanged between an infected person and another person. That can occur in several ways: birth to a mother with the virus, sex with an infected person, sharing personal hygiene (i.e., razors) or medical equipment, such as glucose monitors. Hepatitis B is most commonly transmitted through sexual contact or by an infected mother passing it to her child during pregnancy. It can also spread through shared syringes with illicit drug use.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhat we\u2019re seeing is that if you use drugs, you have a significant likelihood of acquiring hepatitis C from someone else because people share needles,\u201d says Dr. Fontana. He says there are about 1 million people per year who are experimenting with illicit drugs, resulting in a recent<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org\/uspstf\/recommendation\/hepatitis-c-screening\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recommendation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPTF) that all adults are tested at least once for hepatitis.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"other-hepatitis-transmission\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other hepatitis transmission<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other forms of hepatitis do not spread person to person. They are caused by medical conditions or alcohol consumption. Alcohol is one of the more common liver toxins, and hepatitis from excessive alcohol intake is a real concern among medical professionals. \u201cAlcoholic liver injury is on the rise significantly in all age groups, but particularly amongst younger people,\u201d Dr. Fontana explains. \u201cYounger people tend to think they\u2019re invincible, but we\u2019ve seen people here in the hospital who are 25-30 years old whose livers are dying.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthering this concern, alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 crisis has significantly increased while people are home and out of work, adds Dr. Fontana. People often think that because they\u2019re home, feeling okay, and not yellowing, they don\u2019t need to be worried, but severe inflammation can occur without any symptoms of hepatitis. \u201cAs a doctor, I\u2019m very concerned about that,\u201d Dr. Fontana says. \u201cYou can be developing liver injuries from alcohol, and if you wait until you get jaundiced, that\u2019s a very, very severe form.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"hepatitis-treatment-and-medications\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis treatment and medications<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cAll forms of hepatitis are potentially treatable, but some forms aren\u2019t always curable,\u201d says<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/wexnermedical.osu.edu\/find-a-doctor\/anthony-michaels-md-21057\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anthony Michaels<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, MD, hepatologist and associate professor of Clinical Medicine at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis viruses can be treated with antiviral medications if they don\u2019t clear on their own. If a toxin is causing the inflammation, it needs to be removed from the liver. If it\u2019s due to a gallstone or other blockage outside the liver, a doctor needs to mechanically relieve it.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis A <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">often clears on its own with adequate rest.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis B <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">may clear on its own, but a chronic infection requires antiviral medication such as <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">entecavir<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/singlecare.com\/prescription\/adefovir-dipivoxil\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">adefovir dipivoxil<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tenofovir disoproxil fumarate<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lamivudine<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis C<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the best example of a viral hepatitis that can be <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">treated<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and cured, as chronic hepatitis C treatment often includes antiviral and other medications, including <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Epclusa<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promacta<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pegasys<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/singlecare.com\/prescription\/intron-a\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intron A<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis D <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doesn\u2019t have a known treatment, but avoiding alcohol can help prevent the condition from worsening.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hepatitis E <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">often clears on its own with adequate rest and fluids.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Alcoholic hepatitis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> liver damage can potentially be reversed by adhering to abstinence from alcohol. In other cases, corticosteroids or <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pentoxifylline ER<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> may be required.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Autoimmune hepatitis <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">can be treated with drugs that control the immune system, including <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">prednisone<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imuran<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can potentially be reversed through diet, exercise, and weight loss.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common side effects of antiviral drugs include nervousness, inability to concentrate, and stomach upset.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because hepatitis is a general term, it\u2019s important to seek medical attention to determine the best way to treat your specific condition.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"prevention\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevention<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis A infection and hepatitis B infection can both be prevented by <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vaccine<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Many children in the U.S. receive the hepatitis A and B immunizations before going to school, but that wasn\u2019t always the standard. If you don\u2019t remember whether you\u2019ve been vaccinated, the hepatitis B vaccine was recommended to school-aged children beginning in 1994 and the hepatitis A vaccine in 2006. If you haven\u2019t been vaccinated for these types, ask your doctor for a catch-up vaccine. While there\u2019s a vaccine in development for hepatitis C, there isn\u2019t one available yet, so it\u2019s important to avoid behaviors that can increase the risk of hepatitis C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beyond vaccinations, making your physician aware of family histories of liver diseases as well as monitoring certain behavioral factors are the best way to prevent hepatitis.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Hepatitis A and E: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wash your hands after using the restroom and before eating. Drink only bottled or purified water in developing countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Hepatitis B and C:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Wear a condom with sex partners and avoid contact with body fluids and blood. Pregnant women have a high risk of passing the virus infection to their child. Don\u2019t share needles or personal care items (including razors and toothbrushes) and only get tattoos or piercings from clean, reputable businesses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Hepatitis D:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The best way to avoid hepatitis D is to prevent and\/or treat hepatitis B.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Alcoholic hepatitis:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Avoid alcohol misuse, abuse, and binge drinking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Autoimmune hepatitis:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> There is no way to prevent autoimmune hepatitis, but routine health examinations can help diagnose this type of hepatitis early.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor your diet, get regular exercise, and maintain a healthy weight.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The way a doctor detects hepatitis is through blood tests and through a physical exam. If you have a risk factor, such as use of intravenous drugs, unprotected sex, or heavy alcohol use, ask your healthcare provider to test you for hepatitis C. People don\u2019t want to tell their doctors how much they\u2019re drinking or that they\u2019re doing drugs, but you can still ask to be screened for hepatitis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b> <\/b><b>5 things you shouldn\u2019t keep from your doctor<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finally, \u201cyou can have a liver condition and not know it,\u201d Dr. Fontana says. \u201cWith heart disease, everyone knows about chest pain and cholesterol. Liver disease is a little more of a mystery to most people. As a liver specialist, if people would just ask a question when they see their doctor, there are a lot of treatable things we can do.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><svg style=\"display:none\">\n  <g id=\"facebook\">\n    <rect width=\"32\" height=\"32\" rx=\"4\" fill=\"var(--social-bg)\"\/>\n    <path fill=\"var(--social-ico)\" d=\"M19.51 9.32003H21.39V6.14003C20.4798 6.04538 19.5652 5.99865 18.65 6.00003C15.93 6.00003 14.07 7.66003 14.07 10.7V13.32H11V16.88H14.07V26H17.75V16.88H20.81L21.27 13.32H17.75V11.05C17.75 10 18.03 9.32003 19.51 9.32003Z\"\/>\n  <\/g>\n  <g id=\"twitter\">\n    <rect width=\"32\" height=\"32\" rx=\"4\" fill=\"var(--social-bg)\"\/>\n    <path fill=\"var(--social-ico)\" d=\"M26 9.9506C25.2483 10.2767 24.4534 10.4923 23.64 10.5906C24.4982 10.0779 25.1413 9.27138 25.45 8.3206C24.6436 8.80066 23.7608 9.1389 22.84 9.3206C22.2245 8.65317 21.405 8.2089 20.5098 8.05745C19.6147 7.90601 18.6945 8.05596 17.8938 8.48379C17.093 8.91162 16.4569 9.59313 16.0852 10.4214C15.7135 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How to prevent infection in 2025 Key takeaways Hepatitis can be cause by infections, alcohol, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and autoimmune issues. Hepatitis is spread by sharing food or drinks, exchanging body fluids, and excessive alcohol consumption. Hepatitis viruses can be treated with antiviral medications if they don\u2019t clear [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-news"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/healthmedicinet.com\/review\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}