Failed noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation is associated with an increased risk of intubation-related complications

1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson 85721, AZ, USA

2 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arizona, 1609 N. Warren Ave., Tucson 85724, AZ, USA

3 Division of Emergency Critical Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor 48109, MI, USA

4 University of Arizona, 1609N Warren, FOB 122C, Tucson 85719, AZ, USA