Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem leading to high morbidity and mortality both in adults and children. Reports on childhood TB and its treatment outcome are limited.
In this retrospective study, we analyzed the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of TB among children in Addis Ababa.
Methods:
Children registered for TB treatment over 5 years (2007 to 2011) were included in the analysis. Demographic and clinical data including treatment outcomes were extracted from TB unit registers of 23 health centers in Addis Ababa.
Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of poor treatment outcomes.
Results:
Among 41,254 TB patients registered for treatment at the 23 health centers, 2708 (6.6%) were children. Among children with TB, the proportions of smear positive PTB, smear negative PTB and EPTB were 9.6%, 43.0% and 47.4%, respectively.
Treatment outcomes were documented for 95.2% of children of whom 85.5% were successfully treated while rates of mortality and defaulting from treatment were 3.3% and 3.8%, respectively. The proportion of children with TB tested for HIV reached 88.3% during the final year of the study period compared to only 3.9% at the beginning of the study period.
Mortality was significantly higher among under-five children (p
On the other hand, smear positive PTB [AOR = 0.44 (95%CI 0.27-0.73), HIV co-infection (AOR = 0.49(95%CI 0.30-0.80)] and unknown HIV sero-status [AOR = 0.60 (95%CI 0.42-0.86)] were predictors of poor treatment outcomes.
Conclusion:
The proportion of childhood TB in this study is lower than the national estimate. The overall treatment success rate has met the WHO target.
Nonetheless, younger children (
Author: Dereje HailuWoldaregay Erku AbegazMulugeta Belay
Credits/Source: BMC Pediatrics 2014, 14:61
Published on: 2014-03-03
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