Monogenic diabetes (diabetes caused by a change in a single gene) accounts for around
2% of all diabetes but is not well recognised and is initially misdiagnosed in 80-90%
of cases. This frequently leads to inappropriate treatment and advice including unnecessary
use of insulin injections. This presentation illustrates how nursing research has
increased our understanding of the impact of a genetic diagnosis of diabetes and treatment
change from insulin injections to sulphonylurea tablets for individuals and their
families.
Rapid advances in genetic technology have resulted in the identification of 30 genes
causing monogenic diabetes. Identifying a means of effectively translating these genetic
findings into diabetes clinical care was clearly needed. Training experienced Diabetes
Specialist Nurses as Genetic Diabetes Nurses across the UK has increased awareness
and recognition of monogenic diabetes, leading to improvements in clinical care. The
role of the Genetic Diabetes Nurse, in the education of other health care professionals
and aiding identification of patients with monogenic diabetes, and how this could
be used as a model for other areas is discussed.